The New Stone Age was featured by the primitive agriculture and livestock husbandry and was mainly marked by the polishing stone wares and crockery. The emergence of the primitive agriculture and livestock has the epoch-making significance as the greatest economic revolution besides the mastery of fire in the human history.

Along with the development of the primitive agriculture, ancient men gradually moved out of the cave and settled down in the places near the hills and rivers. New living conditions necessitated new social organizations. Primitive clan communities came into existence gradually, in which people were related to others by consanguinity. At present there are over 40 different places of the New Stone Age sites or tombs in the Beijing area, of which Zhuannian site in Huairou, Donghulin man site in Mentougou, Shangzhai and Biniantou sites in Pinggu, Jiangying site in Fangshan and Xueshan site in Changping are more important.